معجم المصطلحات الاسلامية
A
'Abasa "He frowned" عبس
. The blind man that is referred to in this surah is Abdullah ibn Umm Maktoum. Surah 80 of the Holy Qur'an.
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The Abbasid Caliphs (132-656 A.H./750-1259 A.D.)
الخلفاء العباسيون
They assumed the Caliphate following the Umayyads. They trace their lineage to Al-`Abbas, the Prophet's uncle. After half a century of secret arrangements, the Abbasid Revolution began in Khurasan under the leadership of Abu Muslim Al-Khurasani, 130 A.H./748 A.D. During their rule the Muslim empire reached its zenith in all aspects of life. Their first Caliph was Abu Al-`Abbas Al-Saffah. He was followed by Abu Ja`far Al-Mansur who ended the revolutionary period, reaffirmed their rule and established Baghdad, the capital, which witnessed a scientific, cultural and literary renaissance that stretched throughout the Middle Centuries. Unfortunately, the state eventually began to decline and suffer from weakness and decentralization. Many petty states emerged such as the Tulunids, the Ikhshidids and the Fatimids. The Mongols destroyed the Abbasid Caliphate and Al-Musta`sim, the last caliph, was killed by Hulegu.
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Abbey الرهبانية
Abbot الراهب
Abdication التنحى عن العرش
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‘Abdul Muttalib عبد المطلب
‘Abdul Muttalib was the nickname of the grandfather of Muhammad S.
Hashim bin 'Abd Manaf, the great-grandfather of Muhammad S was the chief of Makkah and also a caretaker of the Ka’bah. Through his trading caravans, he had brought prosperity to Makkah. He had made Makkah the trading capital of Arabia. During one of his business trips, caravan of Hashim bin 'Abd Manaf stopped at Yathrib (Madinah). There, he married Salma bint ‘Amr of the local Najjar tribe. A few days after his marriage, Hashim bin 'Abd Manaf continued on his business trip. During that journey, he fell sick and died of his illness. His fellow travelers buried him in Ghaza. A few months after the death of Hashim bin 'Abd Manaf, his widow Salma gave birth to his son. That boy was named ‘Amr bin Hashim, but everyone called him Shaybah (Old man) because he had a bunch of white hair at birth. Back in Makkah, Al Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf, a younger brother of Hashim bin 'Abd Manaf assumed the responsibilities of the offices of the Ka'bah after him. By chance, Al Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf found out that his nephew, son of his elder brother Hashim bin 'Abd Manaf, was growing up in Yathrib (Madinah) with his mother and maternal uncles. Al Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf decided to return the wealth of Hashim bin 'Abd Manaf to his son Shaybah.
Al Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf traveled to Yathrib (Madinah) to bring his nephew back to Makkah. After initial hesitation Salma agreed to send her son to Makkah with his uncle Al Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf. On their way to Makkah, Shaybah was riding ahead of Al Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf. In those days, usually servants rode ahead of their masters. When people of Makkah saw Shaybah riding ahead of Al Muttalib, they mistook him as a servant of Al Muttalib. That is why they called him 'Abdul Muttalib, which means the servant of Al Muttalib. This nickname became so popular that his real name ‘Amr bin Hashim or his nickname Shaybah, was completely forgotten. With time 'Abdul Muttalib became the chief of Makkah and the caretaker of the Ka’bah. He inherited the responsibility to provide drinking water to the pilgrims of the Ka’bah. Fetching water all day long from distant wells made him very tired. By chance he discovered the long-lost Zamzam well. Muhammad S was the son of ‘Abdul Muttalib’s youngest son ‘Abdullah. Muhammad S was born a few months after the death of his father. ‘Abdul Muttalib loved his grandson Muhammad S very much. 'Abdul Muttalib died when Muhammad S was only eight year old.
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Abdullah / ‘Abd Allah عبد الله
After the advent of Islam, ‘Abd Allah became one of the most popular names. It means slave of Allah. Rules of Arabic language grammar allow the two words to be combined together. After joining together, words ‘Abd and Allah can be written as ‘Abdullah or ‘Abdallah. Arabs worshiped Allah in the days of ignorance also, but they took many partners with Him. They mistakenly considered Allah as the biggest of their many gods. The name ‘Abd Allah was in use among Arabs before Islam also. Father of Muhammad S was also named ‘Abdullah. He had died a few months before Muhammad S was born.‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdul Muttalib was the name of the father of Muhammad S. He was the youngest son of ‘Abdul Muttalib. ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdul Muttalib died a few months after his marriage with Aminah bint Wahb. Muhammad S was born a few months after the death of his father ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdul Muttalib
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Aberrance الضلال
Ability الهمة - القدرة
Abjuration الارتداد - الإنكار - الردة
Abjurer المرتد
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Ablution الوضــــــــوء
At the five daily prayer times prescribed by the Qur'an, ablutions are part of the ritual purification which must precede participation in contemplation and the act of prostration and prayer. .
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Abode الدار السكن
A . of delusion دار الغرور
A . of joy دار السرور
A . of peace دار السلام
A . of perdition دار البوار
A . of temptation دار الابتلاء
A . that abideth دار القرار
A . which remaineth دار البقاء
Abodes ( the two ) الداران ( الدنيا والآخرة )
Abolish ينسخ
Abominable المكروه
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Abrahah Al-Habashi أبرهه الحبشى
Abrahah Al-Habashi : The commander who led a huge army supported by elephants in an attempt to destroy the Ka`bah
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Abrogating الناسخ
Absolute المطلق
Absolvable يغفر
Abstemious الزاهد
Abstention إمتناع
Abstinence التقوى
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Abu Al-Qasim أبو القاسم
It is the Kunya of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (may Allah bless him and grant him peace). It is prohibited to have the Kunya of the Holy Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace). See Sahih Bukhari, Hadith 205,book 73, Vol.8 Sahih Muslim, Kitab-ul Adab.
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Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with him) أبو بكر رضى الله عنه
Also spelled Abi Bakr. He was one of the greatest companions of the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. His full name is Abu Bakr as-Siddiq. The Holy Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, called him as-Siddiq because he always believed in him (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), without any reservation. He was the first of the four rightly guided Khalifaas (al-Khulafaa al-Rashideen) from 11 - 13 AH. The other three, may Allah bless them, were
1. Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him,
13-23 AH.
2. Uthman ibn 'Affan , may Allah be pleased with him,
24-36 AH.
3. Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him,
36- 40 AH.
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Abu Lahab أبو لهب
Fiercest enemy of Islam and paternal uncle of the Prophet Muhammad (may Allah bless him and grant him peace). Surah 111 of the Holy Qur'an. Known as Suratul Masad.
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Abundance الكوثر
Accepted مبرور
Accepter الشفيع
Accountableness المسئولية
Accursed الملعون
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'Ad عاد( قوم )
An ancient tribe that lived after the Prophet Nooh (Noah), peace be on him, in the village of Ahqaf in the Yemen. It was a very prosperous tribe, but was rebellious against Allah Subhana wa Ta'ala and their Prophet Houd, peace be on him. So Allah Ta'ala destroyed it with a fatal westerly windstorm (Ad-Dabour). See Holy Qur'an, Houd (11):50-60. See Mursaleen . ________________________________________
Adam (Peace be on him) آدم عليه السلام
The first man and a prophet. He was created neither in Paradise nor on Earth, but in the realm of Allah's mercy. From there he was sent to Jannah (Paradise), from where later he was sent down to Earth. He had many offspring, the most famous ones are Habil (Abel) and Qaabil (Cain). See Holy Qur'an, Al-Baqarah (2): 30-39, Al-Maida (5) 30-34. See Mursaleen .
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Adhan الأذان
Islamic way for calling Muslims to prayer. The Adhan that is announced today was formulized and formalized in l AH. See Sahih Bukhari, Hadith 583,book 3, Vol.1 Sahih Muslim, Kitab-ul Adab.
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Admonishment الوعظ
Administrative اقليم إدارى
Adoration العبادة
Adorer العابد
Adult البالغ
Adulterant المطفف - الغاش
Adulterer الزانى
Adulteress الزانية
Adulterine مرتكب الزنا
Adultery الزنا
Adverse المكابر
Advocate الوكيل
